Improve Python 3.x compatibility

Mechanical translation of the deprecated except x,y:
construct. the except x as y: construct works with
all python 2.6+ versions

Change-Id: Iad349b8079a01bbd66a22800ae2fcdfcde03b377

heat/cfn_client/utils.py

@@ -38,11 +38,11 @@ def catch_error(action):
                 return FAILURE
             except exception.ClientConfigurationError:
                 raise
-            except exception.KeystoneError, e:
+            except exception.KeystoneError as e:
                 LOG.error("Keystone did not finish the authentication and "
                           "returned the following message:\n\n%s" % e.message)
                 return FAILURE
-            except Exception, e:
+            except Exception as e:
                 options = arguments[0]
                 if options.debug:
                     raise

heat/common/auth_token.py

@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ class AuthProtocol(object):
                 LOG.info('Invalid user token - rejecting request')
                 return self._reject_request(env, start_response)
 
-        except ServiceError, e:
+        except ServiceError as e:
             LOG.critical('Unable to obtain admin token: %s' % e)
             resp = webob.exc.HTTPServiceUnavailable()
             return resp(env, start_response)
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ class AuthProtocol(object):
             conn.request(method, path, **kwargs)
             response = conn.getresponse()
             body = response.read()
-        except Exception, e:
+        except Exception as e:
             LOG.error('HTTP connection exception: %s' % e)
             raise ServiceError('Unable to communicate with keystone')
         finally:

heat/common/client.py

@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ class BaseClient(object):
             else:
                 raise Exception("Unknown error occurred! %s" % res.read())
 
-        except (socket.error, IOError), e:
+        except (socket.error, IOError) as e:
             raise exception.ClientConnectionError(e)
 
     def _iterable(self, body):

heat/common/config.py

@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ def load_paste_app(app_name=None):
                                     sys_logging.DEBUG)
 
         return app
-    except (LookupError, ImportError), e:
+    except (LookupError, ImportError) as e:
         raise RuntimeError("Unable to load %(app_name)s from "
                            "configuration file %(conf_file)s."
                            "\nGot: %(e)r" % locals())

heat/common/exception.py

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ def wrap_exception(notifier=None, publisher_id=None, event_type=None,
         def wrapped(*args, **kw):
             try:
                 return f(*args, **kw)
-            except Exception, e:
+            except Exception as e:
                 # Save exception since it can be clobbered during processing
                 # below before we can re-raise
                 exc_info = sys.exc_info()

heat/common/wsgi.py

@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ def get_socket(conf, default_port):
             if use_ssl:
                 sock = ssl.wrap_socket(sock, certfile=cert_file,
                                        keyfile=key_file)
-        except socket.error, err:
+        except socket.error as err:
             if err.args[0] != errno.EADDRINUSE:
                 raise
             eventlet.sleep(0.1)
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ class Server(object):
                     self.logger.error(_('Removing dead child %s') % pid)
                     self.children.remove(pid)
                     self.run_child()
-            except OSError, err:
+            except OSError as err:
                 if err.errno not in (errno.EINTR, errno.ECHILD):
                     raise
             except KeyboardInterrupt:
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ class Server(object):
                                  custom_pool=self.pool,
                                  url_length_limit=URL_LENGTH_LIMIT,
                                  log=WritableLogger(self.logger))
-        except socket.error, err:
+        except socket.error as err:
             if err[0] != errno.EINVAL:
                 raise
         self.pool.waitall()

heat/db/sqlalchemy/models.py

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class HeatBase(object):
         session.add(self)
         try:
             session.flush()
-        except IntegrityError, e:
+        except IntegrityError as e:
             if str(e).endswith('is not unique'):
                 raise exception.Duplicate(str(e))
             else:

heat/db/sqlalchemy/session.py

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class MySQLPingListener(object):
     def checkout(self, dbapi_con, con_record, con_proxy):
         try:
             dbapi_con.cursor().execute('select 1')
-        except dbapi_con.OperationalError, ex:
+        except dbapi_con.OperationalError as ex:
             if ex.args[0] in (2006, 2013, 2014, 2045, 2055):
                 logger.warn('Got mysql server has gone away: %s', ex)
                 raise DisconnectionError("Database server went away")

heat/tests/functional/util.py

@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ class Instance(object):
         while True:
             try:
                 self.sftp.stat('/var/lib/heat-cfntools/boot-finished')
-            except IOError, e:
+            except IOError as e:
                 tries += 1
                 if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
                     self.testcase.assertTrue(tries < 50, 'Timed out')

tools/hacking.py

@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ def nova_import_rules(logical_line):
             try:
                 # NOTE(vish): handle namespace modules
                 module = __import__(mod)
-            except ImportError, exc:
+            except ImportError as exc:
                 # NOTE(vish): the import error might be due
                 #             to a missing dependency
                 missing = str(exc).split()[-1]