204 lines
12 KiB
XML
204 lines
12 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0" xml:id="nova_manage_images">
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<title>Create an image (nova)</title>
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<para>You can use the <command>nova</command> client to create an image
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of a running instance.</para>
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<para>Use <command>nova image-create</command>
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to create a snapshot, and <command>nova backup</command>
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to backup an instance. Both commands result in a snapshot creation,
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though the backuping operation provides a mechanism for the
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automatic rotation of the snapshots.</para>
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<simplesect>
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<title>Create a snapshot</title>
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<para>To minimize the potential for data loss and ensure that you create an accurate image, you
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should shut down the instance before you take a snapshot.</para>
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<procedure>
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<step>
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<para>Write any buffered data to disk.</para>
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<para>For more information, see <link
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xlink:href="http://docs.openstack.org/openstack-ops/content/snapshots.html"
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>Taking Snapshots</link> in the <citetitle>OpenStack Operations
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Guide</citetitle>.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>List instances to get the server name:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova list</userinput>
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<?db-font-size 50%?><computeroutput>+--------------------------------------+----------------------+--------+------------+-------------+------------------+
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| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
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+--------------------------------------+----------------------+--------+------------+-------------+------------------+
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| 84c6e57d-a6b1-44b6-81eb-fcb36afd31b5 | myCirrosServer | ACTIVE | None | Running | private=10.0.0.3 |
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+--------------------------------------+----------------------+--------+------------+-------------+------------------+</computeroutput></screen>
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<para>In this example, the instance is named <literal>myCirrosServer</literal>.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Use this instance to create a snapshot:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova image-create myCirrosServer myCirrosImage</userinput></screen>
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<para>The command creates a snapshot and automatically uploads the image to your
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repository.</para>
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<note>
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<para>For snapshots that you create from an instance that was booted from a
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volume:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>The snapshot is based on the volume that is attached to the instance
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through the Block Storage service.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>No data is uploaded to the Image service.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>You can find information about the snapshot in the properties of the
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image.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</note>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Get details for your image to check its status:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova image-show myCirrosImage</userinput>
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<?db-font-size 50%?><computeroutput>+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
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| Property | Value |
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+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
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| metadata owner_id | 66265572db174a7aa66eba661f58eb9e |
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| minDisk | 0 |
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| metadata instance_type_name | m1.small |
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| metadata instance_type_id | 5 |
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| metadata instance_type_memory_mb | 2048 |
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| id | 7e5142af-1253-4634-bcc6-89482c5f2e8a |
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| metadata instance_type_root_gb | 20 |
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| metadata instance_type_rxtx_factor | 1 |
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| metadata ramdisk_id | 3cf852bd-2332-48f4-9ae4-7d926d50945e |
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| metadata image_state | available |
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| metadata image_location | snapshot |
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| minRam | 0 |
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| metadata instance_type_vcpus | 1 |
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| status | ACTIVE |
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| updated | 2013-07-22T19:46:42Z |
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| metadata instance_type_swap | 0 |
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| metadata instance_type_vcpu_weight | None |
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| metadata base_image_ref | 397e713c-b95b-4186-ad46-6126863ea0a9 |
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| progress | 100 |
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| metadata instance_type_flavorid | 2 |
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| OS-EXT-IMG-SIZE:size | 14221312 |
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| metadata image_type | snapshot |
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| metadata user_id | 376744b5910b4b4da7d8e6cb483b06a8 |
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| name | myCirrosImage |
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| created | 2013-07-22T19:45:58Z |
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| metadata instance_uuid | 84c6e57d-a6b1-44b6-81eb-fcb36afd31b5 |
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| server | 84c6e57d-a6b1-44b6-81eb-fcb36afd31b5 |
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| metadata kernel_id | df430cc2-3406-4061-b635-a51c16e488ac |
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| metadata instance_type_ephemeral_gb | 0 |
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+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+</computeroutput></screen>
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<para>The image status changes from <literal>SAVING</literal> to
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<literal>ACTIVE</literal>. Only the tenant who creates the image has access to
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it.</para>
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</step>
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</procedure>
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<para>To launch an instance from your image, include the image ID and flavor ID, as in the
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following example:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova boot newServer --image 7e5142af-1253-4634-bcc6-89482c5f2e8a \
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--flavor 3</userinput>
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<?db-font-size 50%?><computeroutput>+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
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| Property | Value |
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+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
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| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling |
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| image | myCirrosImage |
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| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building |
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| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | instance-00000007 |
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| flavor | m1.medium |
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| id | d7efd3e4-d375-46d1-9d57-372b6e4bdb7f |
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| security_groups | [{u'name': u'default'}] |
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| user_id | 376744b5910b4b4da7d8e6cb483b06a8 |
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| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
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| accessIPv4 | |
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| accessIPv6 | |
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| progress | 0 |
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| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 0 |
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| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | nova |
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| config_drive | |
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| status | BUILD |
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| updated | 2013-07-22T19:58:33Z |
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| hostId | |
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| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | None |
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| key_name | None |
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| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | None |
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| name | newServer |
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| adminPass | jis88nN46RGP |
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| tenant_id | 66265572db174a7aa66eba661f58eb9e |
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| created | 2013-07-22T19:58:33Z |
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| metadata | {} |
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+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+</computeroutput></screen>
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</simplesect>
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<simplesect>
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<title>Create a backup</title>
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<para>The <command>nova backup</command> command creates a backup of
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an instance. It takes several positional arguments. Apart from the
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name or ID of a source instance, and the name of the resulting
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back-up image, it requires the <literal>backup-type</literal>
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argument with the possible values <literal>daily</literal> or
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<literal>weekly</literal>, and the <literal>rotation</literal>
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argument. The rotation number is an integer standing for the number
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of back-up images (associated with a single instance) to keep
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around. If this number exceeds the rotation threshold, the excess
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backups are deleted automatically.</para>
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<procedure>
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<step>
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<para>To create a back-up type snapshot of the
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<literal>myCirrosServer</literal> instance, pass the following
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command:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova backup myCirrosServer myCirrosServer_backup daily 1</userinput></screen>
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<para>On the execution of the command above, OpenStack Compute
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sorts all the images of a daily back-up type by the
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<literal>created_at</literal> attribute, leaves the latest one,
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and discards other back-up images form the list, thereby
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ensuring automatic rotation of the backups.</para>
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<note>
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<para>As well as a snapshot, a back-up type image is
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accessible only for the tenant it is created under.
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</para>
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</note>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Ensure that the back-up image is created:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova image-list</userinput>
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<?db-font-size 50%?><computeroutput>+--------------------------------------+-----------------------+--------+---------------------------------------+
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| ID | Name | Status | Server |
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+--------------------------------------+-----------------------+--------+---------------------------------------+
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| e4a0105d-b4d9-44f5-95ff-89d789f251cd | myCirrosServer_backup | ACTIVE | 84c6e57d-a6b1-44b6-81eb-fcb36afd31b5 |
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+--------------------------------------+-----------------------+--------+---------------------------------------+</computeroutput></screen>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Get details for your image by passing the command:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova image-show myCirrosServer_backup</userinput></screen>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Use the <command>nova boot</command> command to launch an
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instance from the backup image:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova boot newServer_from_backup --image e4a0105d-b4d9-44f5-95ff-89d789f251cd \
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--flavor 3</userinput></screen>
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</step>
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</procedure>
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</simplesect>
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</section>
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