Documentation improvements and clarifications.
Change-Id: Iba08b6385e4b1dfec595fc6edae244b01b66a861 Signed-off-by: Pino de Candia <giuseppe.decandia@gmail.com>
This commit is contained in:
Pino de Candia
Pino de Candia
parent
18413ba679
commit
5269c48085
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@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Note that there are 2 daemons: API daemon and Notifications daemon.
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Get the code
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------------
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On your controller node, in a development directory:
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On your controller node, in a development directory::
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git clone https://github.com/openstack/tatu
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cd tatu
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@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ Modify Tatu’s cloud-init script
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tatu/files/user-cloud-config is a cloud-init script that needs to run once on
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every VM.
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* It extracts Tatu’s **dynamic** vendor data from ConfigDrive;
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* Finds the one-time-token and uses it in the call to Tatu /noauth/hostcerts
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API;
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@ -46,11 +47,11 @@ If you’re using my branch of Dragonflow
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(https://github.com/pinodeca/dragonflow/tree/tatu) then a VM can reach the Tatu
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API at http://169.254.169.254/noauth via the Metadata Proxy. However, if you’re
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using any other Neutron driver, you’ll need to modify the cloud-init script.
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Replace:
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Replace::
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url=http://169.254.169.254/….
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in tatu/files/user-cloud-config **in 2 places**, with:
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in tatu/files/user-cloud-config **in 2 places**, with::
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url=http://<Tatu API’s VM-accessible address>/….
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@ -69,7 +70,7 @@ vendor-data by running the following command from the tatu directory:
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scripts/cloud-config-to-vendor-data files/user-cloud-config > /etc/nova/tatu_static_vd.json
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And now modify /etc/nova/nova-cpu.conf as follows:
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And now modify /etc/nova/nova-cpu.conf as follows::
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[api]
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vendordata_providers = StaticJSON,DynamicJSON
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@ -89,22 +90,27 @@ Configure dynamic vendor data
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In order to configure SSH, Tatu’s cloud-init script needs some data unique
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to each VM:
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* A one-time-token generated by Tatu for the specific VM
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* The list of user accounts to configure (based on Keystone roles in the VM’s
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project)
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project)
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* The list of user accounts that need sudo access.
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As well as some data that’s common to VMs in the project:
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* The project’s public key for validating User SSH certificates.
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* A non-standard SSH port (if configured).
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All this information is passed to the VM as follows:
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* At launch time, Nova Compute calls Tatu’s dynamic vendordata API using
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Keystone authentication with tokens.
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* Nova writes the vendordata to ConfigDrive
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** Note: to protect the one-time-token and the user account names, it’s best
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not to expose thiis information via the metadata API.
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To enable ConfigDrive, add this to /etc/nova/nova-cpu.conf:
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* At launch time, Nova Compute calls Tatu’s dynamic vendordata API using
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Keystone authentication with tokens.
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* Nova writes the vendordata to ConfigDrive
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* Note: to protect the one-time-token and the user account names, it’s best
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not to expose thiis information via the metadata API.
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To enable ConfigDrive, add this to /etc/nova/nova-cpu.conf::
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[DEFAULT]
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force_config_drive=True
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@ -113,7 +119,7 @@ To enable ConfigDrive, add this to /etc/nova/nova-cpu.conf:
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**TODO: disable Tatu vendor data availability via MetaData API. May require
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Nova changes.**
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To get Nova Compute talking to Tatu, add this to /etc/nova/nova-cpu.conf:
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To get Nova Compute talking to Tatu, add this to /etc/nova/nova-cpu.conf::
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[api]
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vendordata_providers = StaticJSON, DynamicJSON
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@ -135,11 +141,13 @@ appropriate.
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Prepare /etc/tatu/tatu.conf
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---------------------------
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Do the following::
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cd tatu
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mkdir /etc/tatu
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cp files/tatu.conf /etc/tatu/
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Edit /etc/tatu/tatu.conf:
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Edit /etc/tatu/tatu.conf::
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use_pat_bastions = False
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sqlalchemy_engine = <URI for your database, e.g. mysql+pymysql://root:pinot@127.0.0.1/tatu>
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@ -152,19 +160,25 @@ Launch Tatu’s notification daemon
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Tatu’s notification daemon only needs tatu.conf, so we can launch it now.
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Tatu listens on topic “tatu_notifications” for:
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* Project creation and deletion events from Keystone.
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** To create new CA key pairs or clean up unused ones.
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* Role assignment deletion events from Keystone.
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** To revoke user SSH certificates that are too permissive.
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* VM deletion events from Nova.
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** To clean up per-VM bastion and DNS state.
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Edit both /etc/keystone/keystone.conf and /etc/nova/nova.conf as follows:
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* Project creation and deletion events from Keystone.
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* To create new CA key pairs or clean up unused ones.
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* Role assignment deletion events from Keystone.
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* To revoke user SSH certificates that are too permissive.
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* VM deletion events from Nova.
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* To clean up per-VM bastion and DNS state.
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Edit both /etc/keystone/keystone.conf and /etc/nova/nova.conf as follows::
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[oslo_messaging_notifications]
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topics = notifications,tatu_notifications
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Now launch Tatu’s notification listener daemon:
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Now launch Tatu’s notification listener daemon::
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python tatu/notifications.py
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@ -174,11 +188,14 @@ being created for all existing projects.
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Prepare /etc/tatu/paste.ini
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---------------------------
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::
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cd tatu
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mkdir /etc/tatu
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cp files/paste.ini /etc/tatu/
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paste.ini should only need these modifications:
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* Host (address the daemon will listen on)
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* Port (port the daemon will listen on)
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@ -188,7 +205,7 @@ Launch Tatu’s API daemon
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Tatu’s API daemon needs both tatu.conf and paste.ini. We can launch it now.
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I have done all my testing with Pylons (no good reason, I’m new to wsgi
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frameworks):
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frameworks)::
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pip install pylons
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pserve files/paste.ini
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@ -200,6 +217,8 @@ certificates and the list of revoked keys).
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Register Tatu API in Keystone
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-----------------------------
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Run the following::
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openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne ssh public http://147.75.72.229:18322/
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openstack service create --name tatu --description "OpenStack SSH Management" ssh
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@ -209,11 +228,12 @@ to find Tatu.
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Installing tatu-dashboard
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=========================
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Do the following wherever horizon is installed:
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Do the following wherever horizon is installed::
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git clone https://github.com/openstack/tatu-dashboard
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python setup.py develop
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* Copy (or soft link) files from tatu-dashboard/tatudashboard/enabled to horizon/openstack_dashboard/local/enabled/
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Copy (or soft link) files from tatu-dashboard/tatudashboard/enabled
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to horizon/openstack_dashboard/local/enabled/
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# From horizon directory, run
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python manage.py compress
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service apache2 restart
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@ -221,7 +241,7 @@ Do the following wherever horizon is installed:
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Installing python-tatuclient
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============================
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On any host where you want to run "openstack ssh:
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On any host where you want to run "openstack ssh" (Tatu) commands::
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git clone https://github.com/pinodeca/python-tatuclient
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python setup.py develop
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34
README.rst
34
README.rst
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@ -25,19 +25,22 @@ Tatu provides APIs that allow:
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their public key, and to learn the public key of the CA for users.
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During VM provisioning:
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* Tatu's cloud-init script is passed to the VM via Nova static vendor data.
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* Tatu's cloud-init script is passed to the VM via Nova **static** vendor data.
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* VM-specific configuration is placed in the VM's ConfigDrive thanks to Nova's
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**dynamic** vendor data call to Tatu API.
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* The cloud-init script consumes the dynamic vendor data:
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** A one-time-token is used to authenticate the VM's request to Tatu API to
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sign the VM's public key (and return and SSH host certificate).
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** A list of the VM's project's Keystone roles is used to create user accounts
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on the VM.
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** A list of sudoers is used to decide which users get password-less sudo
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privileges. The current policy is that any Keystone role containing "admin"
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should correspond to a user account with sudo privileges.
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** The public key of the CA for User SSH certificates is retrieved, and along
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with the requested SSH Host Certificate, is used to (re)configure SSH.
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* A one-time-token is used to authenticate the VM's request to Tatu API to
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sign the VM's public key (and return and SSH host certificate).
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* A list of the VM's project's Keystone roles is used to create user accounts
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on the VM.
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* A list of sudoers is used to decide which users get password-less sudo
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privileges. The current policy is that any Keystone role containing "admin"
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should correspond to a user account with sudo privileges.
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* The public key of the CA for User SSH certificates is retrieved, and along
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with the requested SSH Host Certificate, is used to (re)configure SSH.
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* A cron job is configured for the VM to periodically poll Tatu for the revoked
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keys list.
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@ -60,11 +63,11 @@ During negotiation of the SSH connection:
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Use of host certificates prevents MITM (man in the middle) attacks. Without
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host certificates, users of SSH client software are presented with a message
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like this one when they first connect to an SSH server:
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like this one when they first connect to an SSH server::
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| The authenticity of host '111.111.11.111 (111.111.11.111)' can't be established.
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| ECDSA key fingerprint is fd:fd:d4:f9:77:fe:73:84:e1:55:00:ad:d6:6d:22:fe.
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| Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?
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The authenticity of host '111.111.11.111 (111.111.11.111)' can't be established.
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ECDSA key fingerprint is fd:fd:d4:f9:77:fe:73:84:e1:55:00:ad:d6:6d:22:fe.
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Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?
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There's no way to verify the fingerprint unless there's some other way of
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logging into the VM (e.g. novnc with password - whhich is not recommended).
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@ -85,6 +88,7 @@ APIs, Horizon Panels, and OpenStack CLIs
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----------------------------------------
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Tatu provides REST APIs, Horizon Panels and OpenStack CLIs to:
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* Retrieve the public keys of the user and host CAs for each OpenStack project.
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See ssh ca --help
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* Create (and revoke) SSH user certificates with principals corresponding to
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@ -172,6 +176,7 @@ Bastion Management
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Tatu aims to manage SSH bastions for OpenStack environments. This feature
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would provide the following benefits:
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* reduce operational burden for users that already manage bastions themselves.
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* avoid assigning Floating IP addresses to VMs for sole purpose of SSH access.
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* provide a single point of security policy enforcement, and especially one
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@ -189,6 +194,7 @@ per VM, but it does not provide a single point of policy enforcement because
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PAT always translates and forwards without checking certificates as a full SSH
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proxy would. **PAT bastions are only supported by an experimental version
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of Dragonflow Neutron plugin.** It works as follows:
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* At setup time, Tatu reserves a configurable number of ports in the Public
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network. Their IP addresses are used for PAT. Dragonflow randomly assigns
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each PAT addresses to a different compute node. That compute node then acts
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98
TRY_IT.rst
98
TRY_IT.rst
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@ -1,24 +1,100 @@
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Notes on using Tatu for the first time
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======================================
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If you don't already have one, generate an ssh key pair on your client machine.
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**In this example, I'm the "demo" user and I need to connect to VMs in projects
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named "demo" and "invisible_to_admin".**
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ssh-keygen
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**In the following examples, openstack commands will output a warning like this**::
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Now generate a certificate for your public key (this can also be done in
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Failed to contact the endpoint at http://147.75.65.211:18322/ for discovery. Fallback to using that endpoint as the base url.
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**You can safely ignore this warning.**
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Since you'll need separate SSH user certificates for each of your projects,
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generate separate ssh keys for each of your projects::
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ssh-keygen -f ~/.ssh/demo_key
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ssh-keygen -f ~/.ssh/inv_key
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Now generate the certificate for each of your projects (this can also be done in
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Horizon). First set your environment variables to select your user and project.
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Note that ssh client expects the certificate's name to be the private key name
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followed by "-cert.pub"::
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source openrc demo demo
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openstack ssh usercert create -f value -c Certificate "`cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub`" > ~/.ssh/id_rsa-cert.pub
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openstack ssh usercert create -f value -c Certificate "`cat ~/.ssh/demo_key.pub`" > ~/.ssh/demo_key-cert.pub
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openstack ssh usercert create --os-project-name invisible_to_admin -f value -c Certificate "`cat ~/.ssh/inv_key.pub`" > ~/.ssh/inv_key-cert.pub
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Now get the host CA public key for your project. This command appends the key
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to your known_hosts file and configures it to be trusted for any hostname in
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any domain.
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You can examine a certificate as follows::
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echo '@cert-authority * ' `openstack ssh ca show 626bfa8fd12b48d8b674caf4ef3a0cd7 -f value -c 'Host Public Key'` >> ~/.ssh/known_hosts
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ssh-keygen -Lf ~/.ssh/inv_key-cert.pub
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And the output will look like this::
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/root/.ssh/inv_key-cert.pub:
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Type: ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com user certificate
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Public key: RSA-CERT SHA256:4h+zwW8L+E1OLyOz4uHh4ffcqJFS/p5rETlf15Q04x8
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Signing CA: RSA SHA256:s8FpsDHkhly3ePtKDihO/x7UVj3sw3fSILLPLQJz2n0
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Key ID: "demo_5"
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Serial: 5
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Valid: from 2018-03-09T13:05:23 to 2019-03-10T13:05:23
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Principals:
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Member
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Critical Options: (none)
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Extensions:
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permit-X11-forwarding
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permit-agent-forwarding
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permit-port-forwarding
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permit-pty
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permit-user-rc
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Note that the Signing CA is different for each certificate. You'll have to use
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the corresponding key/certificate to ssh to a project's VM.
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Now configure your ssh client to trust SSH host certificats signed by the Host
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CAs of your projects. Given how Tatu currently generates Host certificates,
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you must trust each CA for hostnames in any domain (hence the "*" in the command)::
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demo_id=`openstack project show demo -f value -c id`
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echo '@cert-authority * '`openstack ssh ca show $demo_id -f value -c 'Host Public Key'` >> ~/.ssh/known_hosts
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inv_id=`openstack project show invisible_to_admin --os-project-name invisible_to_admin -f value -c id`
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echo '@cert-authority * '`openstack ssh ca show $inv_id -f value -c 'Host Public Key'` >> ~/.ssh/known_hosts
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Above, note that the --os-project-name option is necessary because we sourced
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openrc with the "demo" project.
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Now launch a VM without a Key Pair. Unless you're using Dragonflow and Tatu's
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experimental PAT bastion feature, assign a floating IP to the VM, for example
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172.24.4.10.
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experimental PAT bastion feature, assign a floating IP to the VM. In this example
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we'll assume the VM's Floating IP is 172.24.4.8
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Use the following to
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If you launched your VM in the demo project, use the following ssh command. Note
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that the Linux user account must correspond to one of the principals in your
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certificate, which in turn corresponds to one of your roles in the project::
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ssh -i ~/.ssh/demo_key Member@172.24.4.8
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** You should not get a warning like the following**::
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The authenticity of host '172.24.4.8 (172.24.4.8)' can't be established.
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RSA key fingerprint is SHA256:FS2QGF4Ant/MHoUPxgO6N99uQss57lKkPclXDgFOLAU.
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Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?
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Re-run the command with verbose output::
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ssh -v -i ~/.ssh/demo_key Member@172.24.4.8
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You should see the SSH host presenting its host certificate::
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debug1: Server host certificate: ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com SHA256:FS2QGF4Ant/MHoUPxgO6N99uQss57lKkPclXDgFOLAU, serial 0 ID "otto_0" CA ssh-rsa SHA256:b0BD63oM4ks4BT2Cxlzz9WaV0HE+AqwEG7mnk3vJtz4 valid from 2018-03-09T04:32:35 to 2019-03-10T04:32:35
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debug1: Host '172.24.4.8' is known and matches the RSA-CERT host certificate.
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debug1: Found CA key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts:1
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You should also see your SSH client presenting your user certificate. Note that your
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client first offers the public key, which is rejected, and then offers the certificate,
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which is accepted::
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debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
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debug1: Offering RSA public key: /root/.ssh/inv_key
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debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic
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debug1: Offering RSA-CERT public key: /root/.ssh/inv_key-cert
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debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com blen 1088
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