cloud-init/cloudinit/distros/__init__.py

777 lines
28 KiB
Python

# vi: ts=4 expandtab
#
# Copyright (C) 2012 Canonical Ltd.
# Copyright (C) 2012 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
# Copyright (C) 2012 Yahoo! Inc.
#
# Author: Scott Moser <scott.moser@canonical.com>
# Author: Juerg Haefliger <juerg.haefliger@hp.com>
# Author: Joshua Harlow <harlowja@yahoo-inc.com>
# Author: Ben Howard <ben.howard@canonical.com>
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 3, as
# published by the Free Software Foundation.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
from StringIO import StringIO
import abc
import collections
import itertools
import os
import re
from cloudinit import importer
from cloudinit import log as logging
from cloudinit import ssh_util
from cloudinit import util
from cloudinit.distros.parsers import hosts
LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
class Distro(object):
__metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
hosts_fn = "/etc/hosts"
ci_sudoers_fn = "/etc/sudoers.d/90-cloud-init-users"
hostname_conf_fn = "/etc/hostname"
def __init__(self, name, cfg, paths):
self._paths = paths
self._cfg = cfg
self.name = name
@abc.abstractmethod
def install_packages(self, pkglist):
raise NotImplementedError()
@abc.abstractmethod
def _write_network(self, settings):
# In the future use the http://fedorahosted.org/netcf/
# to write this blob out in a distro format
raise NotImplementedError()
def get_option(self, opt_name, default=None):
return self._cfg.get(opt_name, default)
def set_hostname(self, hostname, fqdn=None):
writeable_hostname = self._select_hostname(hostname, fqdn)
self._write_hostname(writeable_hostname, self.hostname_conf_fn)
self._apply_hostname(hostname)
@abc.abstractmethod
def package_command(self, cmd, args=None):
raise NotImplementedError()
@abc.abstractmethod
def update_package_sources(self):
raise NotImplementedError()
def get_primary_arch(self):
arch = os.uname[4]
if arch in ("i386", "i486", "i586", "i686"):
return "i386"
return arch
def _get_arch_package_mirror_info(self, arch=None):
mirror_info = self.get_option("package_mirrors", [])
if not arch:
arch = self.get_primary_arch()
return _get_arch_package_mirror_info(mirror_info, arch)
def get_package_mirror_info(self, arch=None,
availability_zone=None):
# This resolves the package_mirrors config option
# down to a single dict of {mirror_name: mirror_url}
arch_info = self._get_arch_package_mirror_info(arch)
return _get_package_mirror_info(availability_zone=availability_zone,
mirror_info=arch_info)
def apply_network(self, settings, bring_up=True):
# Write it out
dev_names = self._write_network(settings)
# Now try to bring them up
if bring_up:
return self._bring_up_interfaces(dev_names)
return False
@abc.abstractmethod
def apply_locale(self, locale, out_fn=None):
raise NotImplementedError()
@abc.abstractmethod
def set_timezone(self, tz):
raise NotImplementedError()
def _get_localhost_ip(self):
return "127.0.0.1"
@abc.abstractmethod
def _read_hostname(self, filename, default=None):
raise NotImplementedError()
@abc.abstractmethod
def _write_hostname(self, hostname, filename):
raise NotImplementedError()
@abc.abstractmethod
def _read_system_hostname(self):
raise NotImplementedError()
def _apply_hostname(self, hostname):
# This really only sets the hostname
# temporarily (until reboot so it should
# not be depended on). Use the write
# hostname functions for 'permanent' adjustments.
LOG.debug("Non-persistently setting the system hostname to %s",
hostname)
try:
util.subp(['hostname', hostname])
except util.ProcessExecutionError:
util.logexc(LOG, ("Failed to non-persistently adjust"
" the system hostname to %s"), hostname)
@abc.abstractmethod
def _select_hostname(self, hostname, fqdn):
raise NotImplementedError()
def update_hostname(self, hostname, fqdn, prev_hostname_fn):
applying_hostname = hostname
# Determine what the actual written hostname should be
hostname = self._select_hostname(hostname, fqdn)
# If the previous hostname file exists lets see if we
# can get a hostname from it
if prev_hostname_fn and os.path.exists(prev_hostname_fn):
prev_hostname = self._read_hostname(prev_hostname_fn)
else:
prev_hostname = None
# Lets get where we should write the system hostname
# and what the system hostname is
(sys_fn, sys_hostname) = self._read_system_hostname()
update_files = []
# If there is no previous hostname or it differs
# from what we want, lets update it or create the
# file in the first place
if not prev_hostname or prev_hostname != hostname:
update_files.append(prev_hostname_fn)
# If the system hostname is different than the previous
# one or the desired one lets update it as well
if (not sys_hostname) or (sys_hostname == prev_hostname
and sys_hostname != hostname):
update_files.append(sys_fn)
# Remove duplicates (incase the previous config filename)
# is the same as the system config filename, don't bother
# doing it twice
update_files = set([f for f in update_files if f])
LOG.debug("Attempting to update hostname to %s in %s files",
hostname, len(update_files))
for fn in update_files:
try:
self._write_hostname(hostname, fn)
except IOError:
util.logexc(LOG, "Failed to write hostname %s to %s",
hostname, fn)
if (sys_hostname and prev_hostname and
sys_hostname != prev_hostname):
LOG.debug("%s differs from %s, assuming user maintained hostname.",
prev_hostname_fn, sys_fn)
# If the system hostname file name was provided set the
# non-fqdn as the transient hostname.
if sys_fn in update_files:
self._apply_hostname(applying_hostname)
def update_etc_hosts(self, hostname, fqdn):
header = ''
if os.path.exists(self.hosts_fn):
eh = hosts.HostsConf(util.load_file(self.hosts_fn))
else:
eh = hosts.HostsConf('')
header = util.make_header(base="added")
local_ip = self._get_localhost_ip()
prev_info = eh.get_entry(local_ip)
need_change = False
if not prev_info:
eh.add_entry(local_ip, fqdn, hostname)
need_change = True
else:
need_change = True
for entry in prev_info:
entry_fqdn = None
entry_aliases = []
if len(entry) >= 1:
entry_fqdn = entry[0]
if len(entry) >= 2:
entry_aliases = entry[1:]
if entry_fqdn is not None and entry_fqdn == fqdn:
if hostname in entry_aliases:
# Exists already, leave it be
need_change = False
if need_change:
# Doesn't exist, add that entry in...
new_entries = list(prev_info)
new_entries.append([fqdn, hostname])
eh.del_entries(local_ip)
for entry in new_entries:
if len(entry) == 1:
eh.add_entry(local_ip, entry[0])
elif len(entry) >= 2:
eh.add_entry(local_ip, *entry)
if need_change:
contents = StringIO()
if header:
contents.write("%s\n" % (header))
contents.write("%s\n" % (eh))
util.write_file(self.hosts_fn, contents.getvalue(), mode=0644)
def _bring_up_interface(self, device_name):
cmd = ['ifup', device_name]
LOG.debug("Attempting to run bring up interface %s using command %s",
device_name, cmd)
try:
(_out, err) = util.subp(cmd)
if len(err):
LOG.warn("Running %s resulted in stderr output: %s", cmd, err)
return True
except util.ProcessExecutionError:
util.logexc(LOG, "Running interface command %s failed", cmd)
return False
def _bring_up_interfaces(self, device_names):
am_failed = 0
for d in device_names:
if not self._bring_up_interface(d):
am_failed += 1
if am_failed == 0:
return True
return False
def get_default_user(self):
return self.get_option('default_user')
def create_user(self, name, **kwargs):
"""
Creates users for the system using the GNU passwd tools. This
will work on an GNU system. This should be overriden on
distros where useradd is not desirable or not available.
"""
adduser_cmd = ['useradd', name]
x_adduser_cmd = ['useradd', name]
# Since we are creating users, we want to carefully validate the
# inputs. If something goes wrong, we can end up with a system
# that nobody can login to.
adduser_opts = {
"gecos": '--comment',
"homedir": '--home',
"primary_group": '--gid',
"groups": '--groups',
"passwd": '--password',
"shell": '--shell',
"expiredate": '--expiredate',
"inactive": '--inactive',
"selinux_user": '--selinux-user',
}
adduser_opts_flags = {
"no_user_group": '--no-user-group',
"system": '--system',
"no_log_init": '--no-log-init',
"no_create_home": "-M",
}
# Now check the value and create the command
for option in kwargs:
value = kwargs[option]
if option in adduser_opts and value \
and isinstance(value, str):
adduser_cmd.extend([adduser_opts[option], value])
# Redact the password field from the logs
if option != "password":
x_adduser_cmd.extend([adduser_opts[option], value])
else:
x_adduser_cmd.extend([adduser_opts[option], 'REDACTED'])
elif option in adduser_opts_flags and value:
adduser_cmd.append(adduser_opts_flags[option])
x_adduser_cmd.append(adduser_opts_flags[option])
# Default to creating home directory unless otherwise directed
# Also, we do not create home directories for system users.
if "no_create_home" not in kwargs and "system" not in kwargs:
adduser_cmd.append('-m')
# Create the user
if util.is_user(name):
LOG.warn("User %s already exists, skipping." % name)
else:
LOG.debug("Adding user named %s", name)
try:
util.subp(adduser_cmd, logstring=x_adduser_cmd)
except Exception as e:
util.logexc(LOG, "Failed to create user %s due to error.", e)
raise e
# Set password if plain-text password provided
if 'plain_text_passwd' in kwargs and kwargs['plain_text_passwd']:
self.set_passwd(name, kwargs['plain_text_passwd'])
# Default locking down the account.
if ('lock_passwd' not in kwargs and
('lock_passwd' in kwargs and kwargs['lock_passwd']) or
'system' not in kwargs):
try:
util.subp(['passwd', '--lock', name])
except Exception as e:
util.logexc(LOG, ("Failed to disable password logins for"
"user %s" % name), e)
raise e
# Configure sudo access
if 'sudo' in kwargs:
self.write_sudo_rules(name, kwargs['sudo'])
# Import SSH keys
if 'ssh_authorized_keys' in kwargs:
keys = set(kwargs['ssh_authorized_keys']) or []
ssh_util.setup_user_keys(keys, name, key_prefix=None)
return True
def set_passwd(self, user, passwd, hashed=False):
pass_string = '%s:%s' % (user, passwd)
cmd = ['chpasswd']
if hashed:
cmd.append('--encrypted')
try:
util.subp(cmd, pass_string, logstring="chpasswd for %s" % user)
except Exception as e:
util.logexc(LOG, "Failed to set password for %s" % user)
raise e
return True
def ensure_sudo_dir(self, path, sudo_base='/etc/sudoers'):
# Ensure the dir is included and that
# it actually exists as a directory
sudoers_contents = ''
base_exists = False
if os.path.exists(sudo_base):
sudoers_contents = util.load_file(sudo_base)
base_exists = True
found_include = False
for line in sudoers_contents.splitlines():
line = line.strip()
include_match = re.search(r"^#includedir\s+(.*)$", line)
if not include_match:
continue
included_dir = include_match.group(1).strip()
if not included_dir:
continue
included_dir = os.path.abspath(included_dir)
if included_dir == path:
found_include = True
break
if not found_include:
try:
if not base_exists:
lines = [('# See sudoers(5) for more information'
' on "#include" directives:'), '',
util.make_header(base="added"),
"#includedir %s" % (path), '']
sudoers_contents = "\n".join(lines)
util.write_file(sudo_base, sudoers_contents, 0440)
else:
lines = ['', util.make_header(base="added"),
"#includedir %s" % (path), '']
sudoers_contents = "\n".join(lines)
util.append_file(sudo_base, sudoers_contents)
LOG.debug("Added '#includedir %s' to %s" % (path, sudo_base))
except IOError as e:
util.logexc(LOG, "Failed to write %s" % sudo_base, e)
raise e
util.ensure_dir(path, 0750)
def write_sudo_rules(self, user, rules, sudo_file=None):
if not sudo_file:
sudo_file = self.ci_sudoers_fn
lines = [
'',
"# User rules for %s" % user,
]
if isinstance(rules, collections.Iterable):
for rule in rules:
lines.append("%s %s" % (user, rule))
else:
lines.append("%s %s" % (user, rules))
content = "\n".join(lines)
self.ensure_sudo_dir(os.path.dirname(sudo_file))
if not os.path.exists(sudo_file):
contents = [
util.make_header(),
content,
]
try:
util.write_file(sudo_file, "\n".join(contents), 0440)
except IOError as e:
util.logexc(LOG, "Failed to write sudoers file %s", sudo_file)
raise e
else:
try:
util.append_file(sudo_file, content)
except IOError as e:
util.logexc(LOG, "Failed to append sudoers file %s", sudo_file)
raise e
def create_group(self, name, members):
group_add_cmd = ['groupadd', name]
# Check if group exists, and then add it doesn't
if util.is_group(name):
LOG.warn("Skipping creation of existing group '%s'" % name)
else:
try:
util.subp(group_add_cmd)
LOG.info("Created new group %s" % name)
except Exception as e:
util.logexc("Failed to create group %s" % name, e)
# Add members to the group, if so defined
if len(members) > 0:
for member in members:
if not util.is_user(member):
LOG.warn("Unable to add group member '%s' to group '%s'"
"; user does not exist." % (member, name))
continue
util.subp(['usermod', '-a', '-G', name, member])
LOG.info("Added user '%s' to group '%s'" % (member, name))
def _get_package_mirror_info(mirror_info, availability_zone=None,
mirror_filter=util.search_for_mirror):
# given a arch specific 'mirror_info' entry (from package_mirrors)
# search through the 'search' entries, and fallback appropriately
# return a dict with only {name: mirror} entries.
if not mirror_info:
mirror_info = {}
ec2_az_re = ("^[a-z][a-z]-(%s)-[1-9][0-9]*[a-z]$" %
"north|northeast|east|southeast|south|southwest|west|northwest")
subst = {}
if availability_zone:
subst['availability_zone'] = availability_zone
if availability_zone and re.match(ec2_az_re, availability_zone):
subst['ec2_region'] = "%s" % availability_zone[0:-1]
results = {}
for (name, mirror) in mirror_info.get('failsafe', {}).iteritems():
results[name] = mirror
for (name, searchlist) in mirror_info.get('search', {}).iteritems():
mirrors = []
for tmpl in searchlist:
try:
mirrors.append(tmpl % subst)
except KeyError:
pass
found = mirror_filter(mirrors)
if found:
results[name] = found
LOG.debug("filtered distro mirror info: %s" % results)
return results
def _get_arch_package_mirror_info(package_mirrors, arch):
# pull out the specific arch from a 'package_mirrors' config option
default = None
for item in package_mirrors:
arches = item.get("arches")
if arch in arches:
return item
if "default" in arches:
default = item
return default
# Normalizes a input group configuration
# which can be a comma seperated list of
# group names, or a list of group names
# or a python dictionary of group names
# to a list of members of that group.
#
# The output is a dictionary of group
# names => members of that group which
# is the standard form used in the rest
# of cloud-init
def _normalize_groups(grp_cfg):
if isinstance(grp_cfg, (str, basestring)):
grp_cfg = grp_cfg.strip().split(",")
if isinstance(grp_cfg, (list)):
c_grp_cfg = {}
for i in grp_cfg:
if isinstance(i, (dict)):
for k, v in i.items():
if k not in c_grp_cfg:
if isinstance(v, (list)):
c_grp_cfg[k] = list(v)
elif isinstance(v, (basestring, str)):
c_grp_cfg[k] = [v]
else:
raise TypeError("Bad group member type %s" %
util.obj_name(v))
else:
if isinstance(v, (list)):
c_grp_cfg[k].extend(v)
elif isinstance(v, (basestring, str)):
c_grp_cfg[k].append(v)
else:
raise TypeError("Bad group member type %s" %
util.obj_name(v))
elif isinstance(i, (str, basestring)):
if i not in c_grp_cfg:
c_grp_cfg[i] = []
else:
raise TypeError("Unknown group name type %s" %
util.obj_name(i))
grp_cfg = c_grp_cfg
groups = {}
if isinstance(grp_cfg, (dict)):
for (grp_name, grp_members) in grp_cfg.items():
groups[grp_name] = util.uniq_merge_sorted(grp_members)
else:
raise TypeError(("Group config must be list, dict "
" or string types only and not %s") %
util.obj_name(grp_cfg))
return groups
# Normalizes a input group configuration
# which can be a comma seperated list of
# user names, or a list of string user names
# or a list of dictionaries with components
# that define the user config + 'name' (if
# a 'name' field does not exist then the
# default user is assumed to 'own' that
# configuration.
#
# The output is a dictionary of user
# names => user config which is the standard
# form used in the rest of cloud-init. Note
# the default user will have a special config
# entry 'default' which will be marked as true
# all other users will be marked as false.
def _normalize_users(u_cfg, def_user_cfg=None):
if isinstance(u_cfg, (dict)):
ad_ucfg = []
for (k, v) in u_cfg.items():
if isinstance(v, (bool, int, basestring, str, float)):
if util.is_true(v):
ad_ucfg.append(str(k))
elif isinstance(v, (dict)):
v['name'] = k
ad_ucfg.append(v)
else:
raise TypeError(("Unmappable user value type %s"
" for key %s") % (util.obj_name(v), k))
u_cfg = ad_ucfg
elif isinstance(u_cfg, (str, basestring)):
u_cfg = util.uniq_merge_sorted(u_cfg)
users = {}
for user_config in u_cfg:
if isinstance(user_config, (str, basestring, list)):
for u in util.uniq_merge(user_config):
if u and u not in users:
users[u] = {}
elif isinstance(user_config, (dict)):
if 'name' in user_config:
n = user_config.pop('name')
prev_config = users.get(n) or {}
users[n] = util.mergemanydict([prev_config,
user_config])
else:
# Assume the default user then
prev_config = users.get('default') or {}
users['default'] = util.mergemanydict([prev_config,
user_config])
else:
raise TypeError(("User config must be dictionary/list "
" or string types only and not %s") %
util.obj_name(user_config))
# Ensure user options are in the right python friendly format
if users:
c_users = {}
for (uname, uconfig) in users.items():
c_uconfig = {}
for (k, v) in uconfig.items():
k = k.replace('-', '_').strip()
if k:
c_uconfig[k] = v
c_users[uname] = c_uconfig
users = c_users
# Fixup the default user into the real
# default user name and replace it...
def_user = None
if users and 'default' in users:
def_config = users.pop('default')
if def_user_cfg:
# Pickup what the default 'real name' is
# and any groups that are provided by the
# default config
def_user_cfg = def_user_cfg.copy()
def_user = def_user_cfg.pop('name')
def_groups = def_user_cfg.pop('groups', [])
# Pickup any config + groups for that user name
# that we may have previously extracted
parsed_config = users.pop(def_user, {})
parsed_groups = parsed_config.get('groups', [])
# Now merge our extracted groups with
# anything the default config provided
users_groups = util.uniq_merge_sorted(parsed_groups, def_groups)
parsed_config['groups'] = ",".join(users_groups)
# The real config for the default user is the
# combination of the default user config provided
# by the distro, the default user config provided
# by the above merging for the user 'default' and
# then the parsed config from the user's 'real name'
# which does not have to be 'default' (but could be)
users[def_user] = util.mergemanydict([def_user_cfg,
def_config,
parsed_config])
# Ensure that only the default user that we
# found (if any) is actually marked as being
# the default user
if users:
for (uname, uconfig) in users.items():
if def_user and uname == def_user:
uconfig['default'] = True
else:
uconfig['default'] = False
return users
# Normalizes a set of user/users and group
# dictionary configuration into a useable
# format that the rest of cloud-init can
# understand using the default user
# provided by the input distrobution (if any)
# to allow for mapping of the 'default' user.
#
# Output is a dictionary of group names -> [member] (list)
# and a dictionary of user names -> user configuration (dict)
#
# If 'user' exists it will override
# the 'users'[0] entry (if a list) otherwise it will
# just become an entry in the returned dictionary (no override)
def normalize_users_groups(cfg, distro):
if not cfg:
cfg = {}
users = {}
groups = {}
if 'groups' in cfg:
groups = _normalize_groups(cfg['groups'])
# Handle the previous style of doing this...
old_user = None
if 'user' in cfg and cfg['user']:
old_user = str(cfg['user'])
if not 'users' in cfg:
cfg['users'] = old_user
old_user = None
if 'users' in cfg:
default_user_config = None
try:
default_user_config = distro.get_default_user()
except NotImplementedError:
LOG.warn(("Distro has not implemented default user "
"access. No default user will be normalized."))
base_users = cfg['users']
if old_user:
if isinstance(base_users, (list)):
if len(base_users):
# The old user replaces user[0]
base_users[0] = {'name': old_user}
else:
# Just add it on at the end...
base_users.append({'name': old_user})
elif isinstance(base_users, (dict)):
if old_user not in base_users:
base_users[old_user] = True
elif isinstance(base_users, (str, basestring)):
# Just append it on to be re-parsed later
base_users += ",%s" % (old_user)
users = _normalize_users(base_users, default_user_config)
return (users, groups)
# Given a user dictionary config it will
# extract the default user name and user config
# from that list and return that tuple or
# return (None, None) if no default user is
# found in the given input
def extract_default(users, default_name=None, default_config=None):
if not users:
users = {}
def safe_find(entry):
config = entry[1]
if not config or 'default' not in config:
return False
else:
return config['default']
tmp_users = users.items()
tmp_users = dict(itertools.ifilter(safe_find, tmp_users))
if not tmp_users:
return (default_name, default_config)
else:
name = tmp_users.keys()[0]
config = tmp_users[name]
config.pop('default', None)
return (name, config)
def fetch(name):
locs = importer.find_module(name,
['', __name__],
['Distro'])
if not locs:
raise ImportError("No distribution found for distro %s"
% (name))
mod = importer.import_module(locs[0])
cls = getattr(mod, 'Distro')
return cls