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Keystone Event Notifications

Keystone provides notifications about usage data so that 3rd party applications can use the data for billing, monitoring, or quota purposes. This document describes the current inclusions and exclusions for Keystone usage notifications.

Notifications for Create/Update/Delete Events

A notification is sent when a resource is successfully created, updated, or deleted. The following resource types (where a <resource type> is always a singular noun) produce notifications. For resource types that are immutable, like trusts, notifications are only sent on creation and deletion of that resource. Resource types that should be immutable from a Keystone perspective will not support update operations:

group
project (i.e. "tenant")
role
user
trust (immutable resource - no updated notification)
region
endpoint
service
policy

The following message template is used to form a message when an operation on a resource completes successfully:

{
    "event_type": "identity.<resource type>.<operation>",
    "message_id": "<message ID>",
    "payload": {
        "resource_info": "<resource ID>"
    },
    "priority": "INFO",
    "publisher_id": "identity.<hostname>",
    "timestamp": "<timestamp>"
}

Notifications for create, update and delete events are all similar to each other, where either created, updated or deleted is inserted as the <operation> in the above notification's event_type.

The priority of the notification being sent is not configurable through the Keystone configuration file. This value is defaulted to INFO for all notifications sent in Keystone's case.

If the operation fails, the notification won't be sent, and no special error notification will be sent. Information about the error is handled through normal exception paths.

Notification Example

This is an example of a notification sent for a newly created user:

{
    "event_type": "identity.user.created",
    "message_id": "0156ee79-b35f-4cef-ac37-d4a85f231c69",
    "payload": {
        "resource_info": "671da331c47d4e29bb6ea1d270154ec3"
    },
    "priority": "INFO",
    "publisher_id": "identity.host1234",
    "timestamp": "2013-08-29 19:03:45.960280"
}

Recommendations for consumers

One of the most important notifications that Keystone emits is for project deletions (event_type = identity.project.deleted). This event should indicate to the rest of OpenStack that all resources (such as virtual machines) associated with the project should be deleted.

Projects can also have update events (event_type = identity.project.updated), wherein the project has been disabled. Keystone ensures this has an immediate impact on the accessibility of the project's resources by revoking tokens with authorization on the project, but should not have a direct impact on the projects resources (in other words, virtual machines should not be deleted).

Auditing with CADF

Keystone has begun to add audit notification support for operations like authentication using the DMTF Cloud Auditing Data Federation (CADF) Open Standard.

Note that the CADF format is only used for authentication events, and in place of the traditional notification format mentioned above.

This standard provides auditing capabilities for compliance with security, operational, and business processes and supports normalized and categorized event data for federation and aggregation.

The following CADF example illustrates a Keystone event record whereby the user has failed to authenticate:

{
    "event_type": "identity.authenticate",
    "message_id": "1371a590-d5fd-448f-b3bb-a14dead6f4cb",
    "payload": {
        "typeURI": "http: //schemas.dmtf.org/cloud/audit/1.0/event",
        "initiator": {
            "typeURI": "service/security/account/user",
            "host": {
                "agent": "curl/7.22.0(x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)",
                "address": "127.0.0.1"
            },
            "id": "openstack: 5ee22124-6f41-4d23-a9f7-862c13a53a66",
            "name": "joeuser"
        },
        "target": {
            "typeURI": "service/security/account/user",
            "id": "openstack: 1c2fc591-facb-4479-a327-520dade1ea15"
        },
        "observer": {
            "typeURI": "service/security",
            "id": "openstack: 3d4a50a9-2b59-438b-bf19-c231f9c7625a"
        },
        "eventType": "activity",
        "eventTime": "2014-02-14T01:20:47.932842+0000",
        "action": "authenticate",
        "outcome": "failure",
        "id": "openstack: f5352d7b-bee6-4c22-8213-450e7b646e9f"
    },
    "priority": "INFO",
    "publisher_id": "identity.host1234",
    "timestamp": "2013-08-29 19:03:45.960280"
}

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